Starting device for explosion-motors.



I A. CLEMENT STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSION MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. a, 1909.

Lwm wg Patented Dec. 17, 1912.

Fig.1.

ADOLPHE CLEMENT, OF LEVALLOIS-PERRET, FRAlfCE.

sranrmo DEVICE on EXPLOSION-Morons,

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Dec. 17, 1912.

Application filed February 6, 1909. Serial No. 476,517.

To all whom it may concern:'

Be it known that I, ADOLPHE CLriMEN'r, a citizen of the Republic ofFrance, residing in Levallois-Perret, Seine, France, have Inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Starting Devices forExplosion-Motors, of which the following is a specification.

The resistance experienced in starting an explosion motor by hand, say afour cylinder motor, is due to two circumstances: The first manifestsitself in the compresslon period in one of the four cylinders of themotor, as the driver has to overcome the resistance encountered by theplston 1n its cylinder in compressing the gaseous mixture containedtherein; in the second place, when the handle is rotated for the purposeof starting a four cylinder explosion motor, one of the cylinders isalways in the expansion phase, with all the regular operating (admissionand discharge) valves closed. In,

this cylinder the gas which was at one side of the piston becomesrarefied in startmg and thus gives rise to the second resistance. Themethod of starting under the present invention consists in providingeach cylinder of the motor with a special cock which obviates theseexcessive resistances. With this object each of these cocks comprisestwo valves, constitutedsay by balls held on their seats by suitablesprings. One of these valves opens during the compression, in starting,to afford a passage for the excess of gas and thus avoid the effort thatwould have to be furnished by the driver, while the second valve opensduring the expansion period to permit the external air to enter, therebyobviating the necessity for the driver exerting efiorts corresponding tothe rarefaction, which effort is very considerable in the case of amotor with a large bore. The

arrangement and the operation of this cock will be readily understoodfrom the following description and with reference to the accompanyingdrawing, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the device underthe invention, and Fig. 2 is a cross section on the line M-M.

This cock comprises a plug A with two valves constituted for exam 1e byballs B and C which. are heldiipon their seats by springs b c. The valveopens during the compression to afford a passage for the excess gas andthereby avoid the effort that Would have to be exerted by the personstarting the motor. The spring I) of this expan- V to produce anexplosion of greater or less force. The second valve C .is intended torise from its seat when there is a rarefaction of the gas in thecylinder head; an admission of external air then takes lace, thusavoidirtiigthe necessity for the river .to make an e ort correspondingto the rarefaction in starting. It should be noted that duriirg theperiod of drawing the gaseous mixture into the cylinder, this valve C isunable to open because the passage around the admission valve into thecylinder presents far less resistance than this valve C; in addition itsnon-opening in these circumstances is in sured by the small spring 0. Inthis manner gases rich in fuel coming from the carbureter are drawn intothe cylinder without an inopportune intr duction of air disturbing thecarburization. This system therefore permits of starting a motor in thefollowing manner in the first place care should be taken that theignition circuit through the accumulators and the coil is interru ted.The plug A of'the cocks is then opene and the motor is rotated by handin order to fill the cylinders with fairly inflammable gas atatmospheric pressure or at a slightly higher pressure as explainedabove, and this without efi'ort. The plug of the cooks is then closed;the cylinder heads are filled with inflammable mixture which is of anature to enable the motor to start. For this to take place, it is onlynecessary to close the electric circuit of the accumulators; a sparkpasses in the cylinder which is at the ignition pointand the motorstarts.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent'of the United Statesis 2- 1. An apparatus for use in starting explosion motors adapted to beplaced on each of the cylinders and comprising in combina- I tionautomatic valves, one of them opening during compression in itscylinder, and the other opening during ra'refaction in its cylinder, anda means for simultaneously openin and closing communication between Tthe cyllnder and both said automatic valves.

2. An apparatus for use in starting exploplosion motors adapted to beplaced on each sion motors adapted" to be placed on each of I thecylinders'and comprising in combination automatic valves, one of themopening during compression in its cylinder, and the other opening duringrarefaction in its cylinder, and a single hand-operated cock arranged toopen or to close communication between the cylinder and both said auto-,matic' valvessimultaneously.

'- 3. An apparatus for use 1n starting exof the cylinders and comprisingin combination automatic valves, one of them opening during compressionin its cylinder, and the other opening during rare-faction in itscylinder, and a means for simultaneously openin and closingcommunication between the cy inder and both said automatic valves, andan adjustable spring which bears on the valve which opens duringcompression in its cylinder so as to. permit of stopping the exhaust ofthe-compressed gas while the pres- ,sure in the explosion chamber isslightly greater than atmospheric.

4:. An apparatus for use in starting explosion motors adapted to beplaced on each of the cylinders and comprising in combination automaticvalves, one of them opening during compression in its cylinder, and theother opening during rarefactio-n in its cylinder, and a means forsimultaneously opening and closing communication between the cylinderand both said automatic valves,

and a spring operating on the valve which opens during rarefaction inits cylinder so as to avoid the admission of air through said automaticvalve during suction through said I normal inlet valve of the cylinderto which said apparatus is applied, said spring being designed to havegreater strength than that of said normal inlet valve.

5. An apparatus for use in starting explosion motors comprising incombination a cylinder two automatic valves one adapted to o en inwardlyand the other to open outwar ly in communication with, said cylinderwhereby one or the other opens, successively upon rarefaction andcompression in the cylinder, and a means for placing said valves in andout of communicationwith the cylinder.

Giln a gas engine the combination of a cylinder having a normalspring-controlled inlet valve therein, and auxiliary automatic valves,one of which opens during compression in the cylinder and the other ofwhichopens during rarefaction in the cylinder, means for opening andclosing communication between said cylinder and said auxiliary valves,and a spring operating on the auxiliary valve which opens duringrarefaction, said spring being of greater stren h than the spring ofsaid normal inlet va ve, whereby admission of air through said auxiliaryvalve which opens during rarefaction is prevented when suction takesplace on the v faction, a means for simultaneously opening.

and closing communication between the cylinder and both said automaticauxiliary valves, and a spring operating on the valve which opens duringrarefaction so as to avoid the admission of air through said automaticauxiliary valve which opens during rarefaction during suction throughsaid normal inlet valve during the suction stroke of the engine, saidspring being of greater strength than the spring of said normal inlet.valve. y

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

ADOLPHE CLEMENT. I

Witnesses Joins ARMENGAUD, J eune, ELLWOOD Aus'rnv WELDEN.

